2002   Volume 3   N 1

Abstracts

On the basis of syntheses and studied mechanism of the aminquaternization reaction of the o xyethylmetacrylatspheron gels, which were preliminary chemically activated through catalist epoxiding and selective-amining, by guanidin chlorid, we received two types of macroporous anion exchanging sorbents with specified properties. We developed methods of the directed synthesis of the quarternized guanidin-aminospheron adducts with kinetically controlled buffer volume within 60-600 mg-eqv/pH*Gsorb. with the corresponding ranges of lineage, concentrating stationary of pH environment gradient according to the chlorid-anion, and efficiency (1600-4000 HETD) of the mixture separation of mineral acid anion through ionexchanging liquid chromatography.

The phase equilibrium in the quasi-ternary CdSe-Ga₂Se₃-SnSe₂ system has been investigated using differential-thermal, X-Ray phase and metallography. Phase diagrams of four vertical sections, projection of the liquid’s surface and the isothermal section of the system at 670 K have been constructed. Any quaternary intermediate phases have not been observed in the system. Type and temperature of the respective mono- and invariant processes were established.

The molecule of mercury dichloride (HgCl₂) plays a dominant role in irradiative processes, which are passed in X-ray-sensitive materials. In the present paper there are made the experimental researches of polymeric stratums containing salt of heavy metals, in personally, mercury dichloride, quantum-chemical calculations of energy structure, potential surface of the basic, excited and ionisation state of mercury dichloride with the purpose of development of materials for recording high-energy including nuclear radiation.

The paper presents a new data on reflection and absorption and fundamental optics functions of thin films p-CuAgTe. The treatment of data by Kramers-Kronigs relations allowed to estimate the complete of fundamental optical constants: e1; e2 ePerpetuity; -Im e-1; n, k in the energy range 0.05-0.50 and 1.0-6.2 eV and make suppositions about the electrons transmissions from low-lying level to conduction zone. Also the effective mass of charge carriers, the lifetime of the plasma oscillations, the plasma energy and direct transition energy in between the zones was estimated.

It has been shown that features of the X-O bond IR vibration spectra in the (ХО4)3- tetrahedron are dependent on two factors, the nature of the central atom and the symmetry in the vicinity of the group. The comparative analysis of IR spectra of (ХО₄)^3- – vibrations for two types of the central atom, Х = Р or V, and for two types of crystals, apatites and calcium-vanadium (phosphorous) oxides has been performed.

From quazychemical modeling of high temperature equilibrium of defects at an annealing of cadmium telluride crystals the analytical expression for definition of partial pressure a cadmium pair, to meet the thermodynamic n-p-junction is obtained. Are constructed phase diagram of equilibrium, the conditions of materials formation of n- and р-type conductivity with known carriers concentration are determined.

Ternary copper chalcopyrite compounds are promising material to produce absorbers layers of thin film solar cells.
A technique for producing CuInSe2 by selenization of Cu-In film in a non-closed system in the flux of inert gas is described. The data on specific and surface resistance, chemical composition, crystalline structure and phase composition, surface and cross-sectional SEM micrographs for metallic precursors and polycrystalline chalcopyrite film producing by this method are given.

The kinetics of an electron concentration at a vacuum annealing of n-PbTe films with taking into account the effect of residual oxygen was investigated. The important role of diffusion of tellurium atoms at evaporation from a near-surface layer and diffusion of tellurium vacancies from a surface in film’s volume was shown. The corresponding diffusion coefficients were estimated. The theoretical results are in agreement with the experimental data.

This article is devoted to fundamental approach in studying mesoscopic disordered media as the basis to complete structural material engineering.

Method of effectiveness producing radiation defects computation, based on cascades modeling of atomic collisions in many components targets by Monte-Carlo simulation, was development. Computation of dimensions individual cascades and transferred energy density for development role estimation of nonlinear effects in cascades of atomic collisions attached to ionic Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ irradiation by heavy ions was made. Weighing of model computations with experiment data shows their satisfactory correlation.

Dependence of thermoelectric parameters from composite of solid solution PbTe-SmTe are investigated. Is proposed crystal quasichemical mechanism formation of solid solution, its defect subsystem analyses making.

By the crystalloquasichemical method the analysis of probable mechanisms of solid solution formation in SnTe-InTe system is given. Is shown, that in SnTe crystal lattice the Indium atoms are in two charging states In⁺ and In³⁺.

The structures of distribution on thickness of effective and local value of electrical parameters as in p- PbTe, n- PbS epitaxial films, and in heterostructures on their basis p- PbTe / n- PbS are investigated. Are revealed directed to heterogeneity are connected from a defective subsystem of atomic structure. Is shown, that by method of epitaxial from a vapour phase are formed sharp n- p- heterojunctions.

In the article new views on a nature of the metals plasticity are stated. Their basis are ideas of instability. Using own researches and known experimental data was shown, that the reason of the metals plasticity is instability of a crystal lattice. On the two-dimensional model of the crystal it was shown that the crystal lattice of infinite size can be unstable under influence of small shear deformation in specific conditions. It was found that the reason of this are, the first, potential geometry of the interatomic interaction and, the second, magnitude of thermal energy of atoms. In case of using the spherically symmetric potential for computer modelling crystal lattice the repulsive forces arise between the atoms and their nearest neighbours, which balanced by the attractive forces between atoms and their secondary neighbours. Such crystal lattice is unstable, when its thermal energy atoms is zero or very small. The increase of thermal energy can change it to the stable one. The process of crystal stability breaking under the influence of external forces can be considered as the plasticity. The displacement group of atoms into position of lower potential energy is presented as the elementary stage of plastic deformation.

The structural and optical properties of gallium nitride undoped films are explored. The type and concentration of imperfection in a solid is determined by technology method of growth. The luminescence is determined both the recombination processes with participation the energy states caused by intrinsic dоt defects of lattice and annihilation of excitons and interband transitions.

The structure transformation in 5-20 mm thick surface layer of a-Fe after processing by high-rate pulsed plasma was studied. The investigative methods: scanning electron microscopy with microanalysies, X-ray difractometry, Rutherford backskattering and elastic recoil detection analysies of protons were used. The features of surface relief formation, as well as modification of element and phase composition as function of pulse number were studied. It has been shown that plasma-detonation action is accompanied by transportation of the electrode material to the a-Fe surface. As a result of high-rate high-temperature heating, new phases FeMo and Fe₇Mo₆ are produced in the single-phase a-Fe. In addition, we have saturiation of the surface (-Fe layer by light elements (oxygen, carbon, nitrogen), penetration depth of which depends on the pulse number.
Rutherford backskattering and elastic recoil detection analysies of protons were used. The features of surface relief formation, as well as modification of element and phase composition as function of pulse number were studied. It has been shown that plasma-detonation action is accompanied by transportation of the electrode material to the a-Fe surface. As a result of high-rate high-temperature heating, new phases FeMo and Fe7Mo6 are produced in the single-phase a-Fe. In addition, we have saturiation of the surface a-Fe layer by light elements (oxygen, carbon, nitrogen), penetration depth of which depends on the pulse number.